In a generally patchy year for the documentary form - too much reality for everybody, not enough funding to do those events justice - the Oscar went to Mr. Nobody Against Putin, the tale of a smalltown teacher and part-time videographer whose self-shot footage revealed the insidious creep of Putinism into his community as Russia began its "special military operation" in Ukraine. Had the Academy time, they might well have watched and voted for Julia Loktev's My Undesirable Friends: Part I, a variant of the same story told in granular detail at far greater length. (As a five-hour, five-chapter enterprise, no less, complete with built-in episode breaks.) Loktev, who was born in Russia before emigrating to the US as a child, returned to her homeland in October 2021 to make a film about her friend Anna Nemzer, a journalist with the independent Moscow media channel TV Rain. As the film opens, TV Rain has just been restricted to broadcasting online, and several correspondents, including Nemzer, have been designated "foreign agents" by Putin's administration, meaning their every public statement has to be prefixed with a preamble in pure legalese. (Nemzer dubs it "the fuckery"; fascism always begins with labels and tags.) Part of Loktev's project here has been to reflect TV Rain's output in the run-up to and early days of the Ukraine conflict, which provides a counterpoint to all those Putin pressers Western news outlets carry live. In her interview series Who's Got the Power?, Nemzer is seen talking with activists fighting the cause of minorities in today's Russia, be they queer, homeless, handicapped or merely opposed to the PM's policies. This programming - sober, intelligent, well-researched yet open-minded journalism - would be no issue whatsoever in a free society; trouble is, this Russia is far from a free society.
That's what's on the box, yet another critical aim of Loktev's project is to gently investigate what's going on inside Anna Nemzer's head as the state propaganda machine gears up and the war drums sound ever louder. The choice Nemzer faces, which she outlines to Loktev in car on her daily commute to and from the broadcaster's studio, is a stark one: stay put in the country you love and face mounting charges for essentially doing your job - as with so many recent Russian dissidents, including the late Alexei Navalny - or emigrate, if the visa system and international borders allow, and start from scratch somewhere else. The quandary sticks in the forefront of the film's own mind, because in the course of her day job, Anna is interviewing those who find themselves in a comparable bind, while her colleagues are under pressure themselves, worrying where and how to cache their laptops, material and sources in the event of FSB raids on their properties in the small hours. During a promotional photoshoot for the station, Anna idly ponders what she might look like in a prison uniform; a regulation passport renewal sets her to wonder how long she'll get to use it. One of the journalist's colleagues has just moved into a new flat in one of Moscow's hipper enclaves: while giving Loktev the grand tour, she confesses that, since being declared a foreign agent, she's wondered what the point is of doing up the guest room. Her friends have already started fleeing town; she herself might have to follow at some point. One way or another, Putinism arrives on your doorstep.
Visibly, this is a tentative, trepidatious, drainingly temporary way to live. The "Raindrops" - as the journos call themselves - are trying to think of the bigger picture: the future of Russia, the future of TV Rain, in some cases a future for their children or for the children they hope to have. Yet they're continually obliged to roll back their ambitions and think about themselves, their own future, their own safety: one journalist admits to thinking at length about the underwear she's choosing to put on in the event of a nocturnal raid on her home. Such quandaries may well seem oddly relatable to non-Russians who've seen their own states' mechanisms hijacked by ideologues and zealots, lunatics and maniacs in recent years: what Loktev's film most closely describes is the process whereby despotism - like so many isms, including Trumpism - can get into and foul up your head. The personal and the political, then, become utterly inseparable. Loktev's secret weapon - her stealthiest decision here in the matter of engaging an audience - is that she's basically made a diary film, the work of a trusted pal checking in, day after day, to see that Anna and colleagues were still there, still visible, still fighting, still standing. As hinted at early on by the film's second chapter, in which Loktev spends an evening drinking, smoking and chatting with Anna's colleagues Ina and Alesya, My Undesirable Friends could even, in some reality, be claimed as a hangout movie. The camaraderie and solidarity this camera observes afford us some hope, but as the film progresses and the mood music darkens, the conditions for hanging out get steadily worse and worse - to the point where you fear hanging out itself might be deemed a crime, seditious conspiracy against an all-controlling state. One of the tragedies Loktev filmed: the sudden dispersal of a close-knit friendgroup, seen from the off to be watching out for one another.
Loktev and co-editor Michael Taylor identify a clear, compelling narrative arc: by chapter four, opening on the very eve of the Russian invasion, the station is forced into round-the-clock hyperdrive, even as the restrictions on reporting and reporters ("put out propaganda and only propaganda", as Raindrop Sonya summarises) become so tight as to prove stifling. The journos, several of whom have friends and family in Ukraine, are left reckoning with what one calls "the monster" that has been growing unchecked inside Russia for the best part of twenty years. Here as elsewhere, Loktev identifies an initially curious-seeming recurring quirk: the tendency among the younger, more Westernised Raindrops to reframe breaking news in terms of the Harry Potter franchise. Chronologically, I guess, it makes sense: these twenty- and thirtysomething journos, clinging to their Insta and TikTok stories as one might a teddy bear, are part of a generation raised on such fairytales, with their olde-worlde belief in people doing right and the inevitability of good's triumph over evil. Yet if the years since The Deathly Hallows have demonstrated anything, it's surely that those rules no longer apply - and, indeed, that those pushing such fictions, as Putin pushes his claims that Ukraine requires denazification, may themselves be far more capable of evil than good. What Loktev's magnum opus ultimately bears witness to is a foul sorcery, less event-movie spectacular than grimly humdrum, whereby freedoms, restful nights and eventually any semblance of a normal life are magicked away. As Anna puts it - on the morning Putin announced his military misadventure, shortly before she too vanishes from this story - "I don't have a country any more". It's left to a veteran activist, taking her leave from the journos in the aftermath of one subsequent anti-War protest, to have the final words, infused with both the blackest Russian humour and an inkling of things to come: "Believe me, everything will get worse."
My Undesirable Friends: Part I - Last Air in Moscow is now streaming via MUBI; a follow-up, Part II - Exile, is currently in postproduction.